手套箱Glovebox

箱内气体通过循环净化系统（铜催化剂除氧、分子筛除水）持续纯化，并保持微正压，防止外界空气渗入。物品通过过渡舱进出：放入后反复抽真空、充惰性气体（通常 3 次），再打开内门。箱内配有氧和水分析仪。

The atmosphere circulates through a purifier, a copper catalyst for oxygen and molecular sieves for water, and is held at slight positive pressure so outside air cannot leak in. Items enter through an antechamber that is evacuated and refilled with inert gas, usually three times, before the inner door is opened. Oxygen and moisture analysers monitor the atmosphere.

用于合成和储存金属有机化合物（如烷基锂、格氏试剂、茂金属催化剂）、活泼金属（Li、Na、K）、碱金属氢化物、锂离子电池和钠离子电池的组装、钙钛矿太阳能电池和 OLED 器件制备、单晶生长样品的转移以及核燃料和放射性物质处理（负压操作，保护人员）。

Gloveboxes are used to make and store organometallics such as alkyllithiums, Grignard reagents and metallocene catalysts; reactive metals such as Li, Na and K; alkali-metal hydrides; to assemble lithium- and sodium-ion batteries; to fabricate perovskite solar cells and OLEDs; to transfer crystals; and, at negative pressure to protect workers, to handle nuclear fuel and radioactive materials.

手套箱最初为曼哈顿计划处理放射性物质和钚而开发，1940 年代投入使用。1960 年代起惰性气氛手套箱在金属有机化学中广泛应用，与施兰克技术一起成为无水无氧操作的两大基本手段。

Gloveboxes were first developed for the Manhattan Project to handle radioactive materials and plutonium and came into use in the 1940s. From the 1960s inert-atmosphere boxes spread through organometallic chemistry and, together with Schlenk techniques, became one of the two basic means of air- and moisture-free work.