双语化学辞典Chem Lexicon
概念 · 基本概念 · 计量 Fundamental concepts · Measurement

相对式量Relative formula mass

高中High school
拼音Pinyin xiāng duì shì liàng 别名Also 式量;化学式量;formula mass; formula weight

定义Definition

相对式量 Mr 是化学式中各原子相对原子质量的总和,没有单位。对于离子化合物和巨型结构,按式单位计算,称为相对式量;对于分子化合物也叫相对分子质量。其数值与摩尔质量(g mol⁻¹)相同。

Relative formula mass, Mr, is the sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula and has no unit. For ionic compounds and giant structures it is worked out per formula unit; for molecular substances it is also called relative molecular mass. It is numerically equal to the molar mass in g mol⁻¹.

计算示例Worked examples

NaCl:22.99 + 35.45 = 58.44;CaCO₃:40.08 + 12.01 + 3 × 16.00 = 100.09;CuSO₄·5H₂O:63.55 + 32.07 + 4 × 16.00 + 5 × 18.02 = 249.72,结晶水要一起计算。

NaCl: 22.99 + 35.45 = 58.44; CaCO₃: 40.08 + 12.01 + 3 × 16.00 = 100.09; CuSO₄·5H₂O: 63.55 + 32.07 + 4 × 16.00 + 5 × 18.02 = 249.72, the water of crystallisation included.